New answers tagged primary-education
3
I'm kind of restating what other answers have said, but I wanted to practice expressing it in the clearest, most concise way I could think of. (Coincidentally, this came up with my partner tonight, so I got a test-run with it, and got an entirely satisfying result).
Consider only natural numbers (i.e, positive integers). It seems like the number of ...
1
The problem here is defining primes in their own right rather than defining them in terms of factorization.
Start with a number like 30. Writing 30 = 2 x 15 tells us something new; writing 30 = 1 × 30 doesn't. Writing 30 = 2 x 3 x 5 tells us something new again, whereas writing 30 = -2 x -15 doesn't.
Once we get to 30 = 2 x 3 x 5, we can't break down any ...
0
Primes are called primes because all other integers above 1 are (multiplicatively) "built out of them."
You can't build anything else (multiplicatively) out of 1s. No matter how many 1s you multiply together.
3
I have been learning soroban on my own and find that it uses a totally different part of the brain than doing the sums and subtractions on paper. I read somewhere that it uses the part of the brain used in graphic tasks. I am one of those people who many moons ago did poorly in arithmetics but excelled in algebra, geometry, etc. I think that the whole idea ...
2
I would start by showing them, on paper, what they already know - that in the context of multiplication the number 1 is useless. It is the identity function. It simply reflects the original number. It is a mirror. "And just like your reflection in a mirror is not a real person, neither is 1 a real number when multiplying (not to be confused with a Real ...
1
\begin{align}
& \begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}
& & & & & & & & & 840 \\[12pt]
= {} & & & & & 28 & & & & \times & & & & & 30 \\[12pt]
= {} & & & & 4 & \times & 7 & & & \times & & & & 5 & \times & 6 \\...
1
When I was at school, after being taught about integer division, I was told:
"A natural number is prime if it has exactly 4 integer divisors"
Then 2 is prime, as it can be divided by -2, -1, 1, and 2.
Then one can be divided by -1 and 1, and those are only 2 divisors. Hence not prime.
Zero can be divided by anything but itself, yielding zero, hence ...
4
This one is really very simple. First, tell them what a prime number is:
A prime number has exactly two different factors.
(If they don't know what factors are, and they ask about primes, the correct answer is "well, first you have to know about factors...")
With that definition, it is very easy to figure out 0 and 1. Is 1 a prime? No, because it only ...
1
(If your context does not include negative numbers, turn all the negatives below positive. This almost won't change the discussion.)
Everything divides zero, so zero can't be prime. $0 \cdot 7 = 0$ means $0$ and $7$ divide $0$. $0 \cdot -8 = 0$ means minus eight also divides zero. Can we see that everything divides zero, so zero is very far from being ...
3
We don't need the full FTA upfront if we limit our discussion for the moment to obvious examples of what's necessary for a factorization to be unique. The FTA provides analogous sufficiency conditions they'll probably guess on their own, even if they don't know how it's proven. You can say,
$1$ isn't considered prime because then there wouldn't be unique ...
7
How should one talk about the question of 1 or 0 being prime ... with primary or middle school children?
Depending on what you did before you will have an easy or a hard task:
If the children were told:
A prime number is a natural number which cannot be divided by other numbers than by 1 and by itself.
... you will have problems explaining why 1 is not ...
4
A good way to lead to the uniqueness of prime factorization and the convention that $1$ is not a prime is to build factor trees (that's common in elementary school these days in fourth grade, sometimes third grade).
24 24 24
8 3 6 4 2 12
2 4 3 2 2 2 3 ...
4
If you build each number n using n square blocks in rectangular configurations, there are multiple configurations for each composite number. (4 is 4 by 1 or 2 by 2.) The primes are the ones that can only be built as a 1 by n rectangle.
It seems clear that 0 would be neither prime nor composite, when looked at this way.
The easiest way to understand why we ...
34
There was a multiplication table posted on the wall. Like this
\begin{alignat}4
1 &\quad 2 &\quad 3 &\quad 4 &\quad\cdots\\
2 &\quad 4 &\quad 6 &\quad 8 &\quad\cdots\\
3&\quad 6 &\quad 9 &\quad 12 &\quad\cdots\\
4&\quad 8 &\quad 12 &\quad 16 &\quad\cdots\\
\vdots&\quad \vdots &\quad \...
51
"Because we said so" is a bit of a conversation closer, I agree. But "Because some people agreed a long time ago to define it that way so we could have conversations where we all understood each other. Does that seem like it would be a good idea?" is both more inclusive and more correct.
I don't even think it's that hairy to talk through the FTA with ...
9
FYI: here's some pro and con: http://primefan.tripod.com/Prime1ProCon.html
One was originally considered prime. It is prime with the most convenient ("natural") definition. It got excluded from prime-ness because many other higher theorems would be complicated by leaving it as prime. Essentially "prime" -> "prime*". The definition of primeness was ...
8
Here are the two previous pages from those materials (a pre-publication version found with a Google search):
And here is the page containing the homework problem in question:
The intent now seems pretty clear. Students know that you can join groups by adding them, but in the case where the groups are equal in size (e.g. five bags, each with nine goldfish), ...
0
The following aren't the same thing:
The meaning of an expression
An option for computing the value of the expression
A rigidly imposed sequence of instructions to be obeyed to compute the value
The following example may help you more than your student:
Define x = 1 if there are infinitely many twin primes, and x = (- 1) otherwise.
If what is inside ...
2
Your question relates to a 5-year old child. This should be taken into account (e.g., no point in talking about algebraic manipulations). Parentheses are here to help us; and if they do, there is no reason to remove them. I would still tell a child that we usually prefer expressions that have as fewer symbols are possible, and explain that sometimes, ...
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